I am barplotting a data frame, that has Finnish election results per district and party listed. I am trying to barplot election results per district with the ten most popular parties per district plotted. When printing out the barplot, I would like each party to have a specific color. For example, in the data SDP party are Social Democrats, so the party is associated with the color red, PS are blue etc. Thus, if the SDP are in the top 10 parties, I would like them to always be the specific color, no matter their position in the barplot. How can this be achieved in ggplot2 or in the basic barplot function?
Here is one way to correlate specific colors to values of a column. I invented party names and colors with no knowledge of Finnish politics!
library(ggplot2)
DF <- data.frame(District = rep(LETTERS[1:4], each = 4),
Party = c("SPD", "PS", "Pirate", "Liberal",
"Freedom", "PS", "SPD", "Liberal",
"SPD", "PS", "Freedom", "Pirate",
"Pirate", "Republican", "SPD", "PS"),
Vote = runif(16, 20, 40))
COLORS <- c("SPD" = "red", "PS" = "blue", "Pirate" = "black", "Liberal" = "yellow",
"Freedom" = "white", "Republican" = "orange")
ggplot(DF, aes(x = District, y = Vote, fill = Party)) + geom_col(position = "dodge") +
scale_fill_manual(values = COLORS)
Created on 2020-06-22 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)
1 Like
Looks promising! in my data frame however, party names are column names, and I would like to assign x in aes to be the parties. Would I have to arbitrarily add a new column that lists party names or is there a way to work around that?
I think you need to reshape the data with the pivot_longer() function from tidyr. If you can post the output of the following command and explain how you want the data plotted, someone should be able to provide a specific example.
Please run this command but replace MyData with the name of your data.
dput(head(MyData))
Unfortunately this is a school project, that specifically states that we cannot download other packages other than ggplot2 if we need. Thus dplyr is not an option for me.
You can still post the output of dput() and get some advice.
Please also take a look at the forum's homework policy. The more specific you can make your question, the better.
dput(head(suomi))
structure(list(Alue = c("Helsinki", "Askola", "Espoo", "Hanko",
"Vantaa", "Hyvinkää"), SDP = c(13.5, 18.5, 13, 28.7, 21.4, 21.8
), PS = c(12.3, 23.7, 11.6, 11.4, 18.3, 24), KOK = c(21.8, 11.5,
31, 6.1, 18.8, 17), KESK = c(2.9, 23.5, 4, 1.9, 5, 7.4), VIHR = c(23.5,
6.4, 18, 5.5, 14.5, 11.2), VAS = c(11.1, 4.2, 3.5, 7.9, 5.9,
5.5), RKP = c(5.3, 2.4, 7.7, 30.1, 2.8, 1), KD = c(1.9, 2.4,
2.7, 2.2, 3, 3.3), SIN = c(0.5, 1.6, 1.7, 0.9, 1.9, 1.7), PIR = c(1.5,
0.5, 1, 0.6, 1, 0.7), STL = c(0.3, 0.5, 0.4, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5),
KP = c(0, 0.1, 0, 0.2, 0.1, 0), FP = c(0.9, 0, 0.2, 0.1,
0.2, 0.2), LIB = c(0.3, 0.2, 0.5, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2), SKP = c(0.2,
0.3, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3, 0.3), EOP = c(0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2,
0.2), IP = c(0.1, 0.2, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.1), SKE = c(0.1,
0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.1), KTP = c(0, 0, 0, 0.1, 0, 0), Muut = c(3.5,
3.7, 4.1, 2.5, 5.4, 4.7), Vaalipiiri = c("Helsinki", "Uusimaa",
"Uusimaa", "Uusimaa", "Uusimaa", "Uusimaa")), row.names = c(NA,
6L), class = "data.frame")
You can reshape the data using the reshape() function. I have not used that function in many years, so the following may not be the best way to get the desired result. You should be able to use DF2 in ggplot() as in my previous example.
DF <- structure(list(Alue = c("Helsinki", "Askola", "Espoo", "Hanko",
"Vantaa", "Hyvinkaa"),
SDP = c(13.5, 18.5, 13, 28.7, 21.4, 21.8),
PS = c(12.3, 23.7, 11.6, 11.4, 18.3, 24),
KOK = c(21.8, 11.5,31, 6.1, 18.8, 17),
KESK = c(2.9, 23.5, 4, 1.9, 5, 7.4),
VIHR = c(23.5,6.4, 18, 5.5, 14.5, 11.2),
VAS = c(11.1, 4.2, 3.5, 7.9, 5.9,5.5),
RKP = c(5.3, 2.4, 7.7, 30.1, 2.8, 1),
KD = c(1.9, 2.4,2.7, 2.2, 3, 3.3),
SIN = c(0.5, 1.6, 1.7, 0.9, 1.9, 1.7),
PIR = c(1.5,0.5, 1, 0.6, 1, 0.7),
STL = c(0.3, 0.5, 0.4, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5),
KP = c(0, 0.1, 0, 0.2, 0.1, 0),
FP = c(0.9, 0, 0.2, 0.1,0.2, 0.2),
LIB = c(0.3, 0.2, 0.5, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2),
SKP = c(0.2,0.3, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3, 0.3),
EOP = c(0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2,0.2),
IP = c(0.1, 0.2, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.1),
SKE = c(0.1,0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.1),
KTP = c(0, 0, 0, 0.1, 0, 0),
Muut = c(3.5,3.7, 4.1, 2.5, 5.4, 4.7),
Vaalipiiri = c("Helsinki", "Uusimaa","Uusimaa", "Uusimaa", "Uusimaa", "Uusimaa")),
row.names = c(NA,6L), class = "data.frame")
DF2 <- reshape(data = DF, idvar = c("Alue", "Vaalipiiri"), varying = list(2:21),
timevar = "Party", direction = "long", times = colnames(DF)[2:21],
v.names = "Value")
head(DF2, 10)
#> Alue Vaalipiiri Party Value
#> Helsinki.Helsinki.SDP Helsinki Helsinki SDP 13.5
#> Askola.Uusimaa.SDP Askola Uusimaa SDP 18.5
#> Espoo.Uusimaa.SDP Espoo Uusimaa SDP 13.0
#> Hanko.Uusimaa.SDP Hanko Uusimaa SDP 28.7
#> Vantaa.Uusimaa.SDP Vantaa Uusimaa SDP 21.4
#> Hyvinkaa.Uusimaa.SDP Hyvinkaa Uusimaa SDP 21.8
#> Helsinki.Helsinki.PS Helsinki Helsinki PS 12.3
#> Askola.Uusimaa.PS Askola Uusimaa PS 23.7
#> Espoo.Uusimaa.PS Espoo Uusimaa PS 11.6
#> Hanko.Uusimaa.PS Hanko Uusimaa PS 11.4
Created on 2020-06-23 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)
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