If it is numeric or categorically

[Stenmark]

I have a datset called: fish_oil_18
link: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/openintro/openintro.pdf

I can't find out how many numeric or categorically variables it is. I know it is 2 observations and 48 variables. Also I wonder about the spread of numeric variables.

Which code is it here? I'm as you guys know a super noob at rstudio.

[startz]

Try

str(fish_oil_18)

for a start.

[Stenmark]

I've tried it and got what the picture show. So to understand this correct, it is the numbers who is numeric here; like 386, 419, 12547, 12519 and so on. And not major_cardio_event, and no event, they are probably categorically variables, right?

Thanks!

[startz]

The distinction between numeric and categorical may not be so clear. Everything in the picture is a number. You need to know what the numbers mean. If a number is a count, for example, then it is typically not categorical. If a number is a code for some event, then it likely is categorical.

[M_AcostaCH]

Hi @Stenmark you can run this code for get the type, numeric or character of columns in a data frame.

# Im use iris data

contar_tipos_columna <- function(df) {
  tipos <- sapply(df, is.numeric)
  tipos_caracter <- ifelse(tipos, "numeric", "character")
  return(tipos_caracter)
}

data(iris)
tipos_columna <- contar_tipos_columna(iris)
tipos_columna

# Sepal.Length  Sepal.Width Petal.Length  Petal.Width      Species 
# "numeric"    "numeric"    "numeric"    "numeric"     "character"

# ---

# For get the numbers of value different to NA in each column:
colSums(!is.na(iris))
# Sepal.Length  Sepal.Width Petal.Length  Petal.Width      Species 
#       150          150          150          150          150 

[Stenmark]

Thank you so much guys! It helped a lot.

[Stenmark]

Hi again!

I have another question. My group know what I asked about last question, but now we wan't to make this kind of histogram(?)/figure. Because our dataset fish_oil_18 is similar to this one (picture). We have responses and frequency to fishoil and placebo.

How do we make this kind of figure (who is in red and blue)?

[nirgrahamuk]

something along these lines

library(tidyverse)

(example_data <- expand_grid(
  exp = c("L", "H"),
  resp = c("Y", "N")
) |> mutate(frq = 1:4))


# turn to percentage by the x
(example_data_2 <- group_by(
  example_data,
  resp
) |>
  mutate(
    pcnt = frq / sum(frq)
  ))

ggplot(data=example_data_2,
       aes(x=resp,
           y=pcnt,
           fill=exp)) +
  geom_col(width=.99) +
  scale_fill_manual(values=c(
    "L"="lightblue",
    "H"="maroon"
  )) + 
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y=element_blank(),
        legend.position = "none",
        plot.margin = unit(c(1, 1, 1, 2), "cm")) +
  coord_cartesian(clip="off") + 
  annotate("text",
           x = .2,
           y = .66, label = "High")+
  annotate("text",
           x = .2,
           y = .33, label = "Low")

[Andrzej]

How to add percentages and counts labels to this plot ?

[nirgrahamuk]

You can use geom_text or geom_label

[jrkrideau]

Your data set is not a data.frame or tibble

class(fish_oil_18)
[1] "list"

[Stenmark]

Thanks. It helped a lot. But now I'm soon finish with one plot, but I do get one error; ",".
It is the " , " after [1:4])),

Do you guys how I can fix it?

[startz]

It's easier to be helpful if you copy and paste your code here rather than posting a picture.

From the little that I can see, it looks like you are piping a ggplot into mutate, which is probably not what you intend (although the picture doesn't show all details so I may be wrong.)

[Stenmark]

p + geom_text(data = layer_data(p, 1) %>% select(xmin:ymax) %>% mutate(m.x = (xmin + xmax))/2, m.y = (ymin + ymax)/2) %>% select(m.x, m.y) %>% mutate(string = c(letters[1:4])), aes(x = m.x, y = m.y, label = string)

Ok. This is the code, the last code. Everything goes like this:

library(ggmosaic)
install.packages("reprex")
library(reprex)

infarct2 <- as.table(matrix(c(145, 200, 12788, 12738), 2,2))

dimnames(infarct2) <- list(Exposure = c("Fiskeolje", "Ikke"), Response = c("Ja", "Nei"))

percentages <- round(100*prop.table(infarct2), 2)

etiquettes <- as.table(matrix(paste0(infarct2, ";", percentages, "%"), 2, 2))

dimnames(etiquettes) <- dimnames(infarct2)

to_plot <- as.data.frame(etiquettes)

ggplot(data = to_plot) + geom_mosaic(aes(x = product(Response,Exposure), fill=Freq), na.rm = TRUE) + labs(x = "Response", y = "Exposure")

p <- ggplot(infarct2 %>% as_tibble()) + geom_mosaic(aes(weight = n, x = product(Response), fill = Exposure))

p + geom_text(data = layer_data(p, 1) %>% select(xmin:ymax) %>% mutate(m.x = (xmin + xmax))/2, m.y = (ymin + ymax)/2) %>% select(m.x, m.y) %>% mutate(string = c(letters[1:4])), aes(x = m.x, y = m.y, label = string)

[startz]

@Stenmark

p + geom_text(data = layer_data(p, 1) %>% select(xmin:ymax) %>% mutate(m.x = (xmin + xmax))/2, m.y = (ymin + ymax)/2) %>% select(m.x, m.y) %>% mutate(string = c(letters[1:4])), aes(x = m.x, y = m.y, label = string)

I think--but I'm not sure-- that the problem is the closing parenthesis after xmax unintentionally closes the mutate().

[Stenmark]

Maybe I'm really stupid. I now tried to make space, delete a parenthesis and so on... but nothing worked.

The error keep saying the same thing:

Error: unexpected ',' in "p + geom_text(data = layer_data(p, 1) %>% select(xmin:ymax) %>% mutate(m.x = (xmin + xmax))/2, m.y = (ymin + ymax)/2) %>% select(m.x, m.y) %>% mutate(string = c(letters[1:4])),"

[nirgrahamuk]

I recommend improving the styling/layout of your code.
This means choosing points to add a line break so that some code is written to the next line.
compare this equivalent code

ggplot(economics_long, aes(date, value01, colour = variable)) + geom_line()+ theme(legend.position = "top")

ggplot(
  data = economics_long,
  aes(date,
    value01,
    colour = variable
  )) +
  geom_line() + 
  theme(legend.position = "top")

when you write code involving strings; you have to take care to balance them every " that you start will need a companion " that ends it ; similarly single quotes ' , also brackets.
If you struggle to see where you lose these balanced pairs of token, make yourself a fresh script, and grow your code part by part till you identify where it breaks.

For larger work, there is a significant benefit to using version control software like git to manage your versions, you can keep a history of working code; when you add code that breaks , you can both a) go back to the previous working code, b) more easily see the change from your prior working code to your code now. Though for a simple short script this is overkill, for any significant or long lasting project work, it becomes necessary.

Finally; when sharing code to this forum its vital to format it to appear as code

FAQ: How to format your code

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