The problem seems to be that the file requires authentication. Do you have access to it? If you have access to it, downloading it and loading it locally seems like a quick fix.
In fact anyone has access, it is free from an Open Source project. The file is obtained by clicking on the link. The problem is that I need to download the file automatically, there are hundreds of others like this. When I use the download.file() command, the file downloads in an HTML format.
I agree. OP is probably logged in already. When I had to download from a secured google sheet I found that I had to set the browser in R to the one that I used to authenticate. This may get OP past the authentication step.