I do not have a generic method for attaching attributes to a data frame columns in a pipe friendly way, BUT if the goal was to set the units for some of the columns, the following could help:
library(units, quietly = TRUE)
#> udunits system database from /usr/local/share/udunits
library(dplyr, warn.conflicts = FALSE)
iris %>%
as_tibble() %>%
mutate(Sepal.Length = set_units(Sepal.Length, cm))
#> # A tibble: 150 x 5
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> [cm] <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <fct>
#> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 2 4.9 3 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
#> 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
#> 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
#> 8 5.0 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
#> # … with 140 more rows
Created on 2020-02-22 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)