Hi Joe,
Great question! Our new Champions site is designed to be a resource and guide to help with overcoming those internal hurdles in adopting R in production: https://www.rstudio.com/champion
Specific to your question regarding SSO, our professional products for developing and deploying Shiny apps all support authentication against LDAP or SSO.
Would love to have you join a RStudio Enterprise Community Meetup to chat with others about their experiences in putting R in production too. Here is the May calendar: RStudio Community Monthly Events Roundup - May 2022 - RStudio