Do we need to perform multiple testing correction test (e.g. Bonferroni adjustment) when doing multiple linear regression tests ?

[trangcao]

We work in phylogenetic project to create a new graphical toll to investigate temporal signal of various evolutionary scales.

In our work, we have a question need to your help :

Do we need to perform any kind of multiple testing correction test (e.g. Bonferroni adjustment) when doing multiple linear regression tests on points being phylogenetically linked ?

For instance, in the below phylogenetic tree, we would perform 4 different linear regressions between genetic and temporal distances at nodes 1, 2, 3 and 4 with points highlighted in blue, orange, green and red, respectively. Some datatests would be « nested » between each others (1 vs 2,3&4, 3 vs 4) while the others are not (2 vs 3&4).

[Caio_Graco_Roza]

I think that you should probably use some type of mixed model to analyze this. If species are somehow correlated based on their phylogeny then ideally you should use this phylogenetic link as a random factor. I am not specialist on statistics, but that’s what I would most likely do.

Se also that this kind of approach has been done for functional traits on RLQ and fourth-corner analysis.

Best,