I'm not quite sure why the error is being thrown - I think the . argument isn't being used properly somehow. Here's some other ways you might do what I think you're trying to do:
library(tidyverse)
mytbl = tibble(a = 1:5, b = 1:5)
mytbl %>% .[rowSums(.) > 5 , ]
#> # A tibble: 3 x 2
#> a b
#> <int> <int>
#> 1 3 3
#> 2 4 4
#> 3 5 5
mytbl %>%
filter(rowSums(.) > 5)
#> # A tibble: 3 x 2
#> a b
#> <int> <int>
#> 1 3 3
#> 2 4 4
#> 3 5 5